The knowledge related to the methodology of the field trial study as a type of intervention studies, yet for many of our researchers is not fully understood. The aim of the current study was a better understanding of conducting this type of research. field trial studies are done on healthy individuals and aim to prevent. These types of studies such as clinical trials are performed on both individual and collective levels. One type of these studies is Community Intervention Trial which is usually done on a large scale population. field trial study should be carried out in stages, such as the formulation of hypotheses, selection of the population (reference population, study population, and sampling), measuring the baseline variables (before conducting preventive intervention), random allocation of subjects to intervention and control groups, doing interventions and measuring outcome. The methodology of field trial studies is very similar to clinical trials. The difference is that field trials are conducted on healthy individuals and aim to prevent and also the sample size required to this type of study is relatively more, and these studies are usually time consuming and costly.

The present article investigates the privacy among Iranian spouses. Regarding the fact that privacy among spouses is a relatively unknown subject in Iran, and particularity since the problems that lead to conflict among spouses stem from interferences in the affairs of one another, researches which focus on privacy of spouses are necessary in our academic sphere. So the aim of the present research is to find out the boundaries of the privacy among spouses and the elements and contents of the privacy. The findings show that the privacy includes wide range of subjects and matters, and also is relative in general. Also it is found that privacy is the field of interactions and negotiations for some rights and privileges. The outcome depends of two factors: the degree of penetrability (how easy or hard it is to penetrate it), and the degree of intimacy and trust among spouses. They determine whether the relationship moves in the direction of satisfaction or dissatisfaction in the married life. If trust and intimacy between them prevail, the privacy circle is penetrable and a sense of security and satisfaction comes through, and if distrust along prevails and privacy becomes impenetrable, and consequently the feeling of insecurity and dissatisfaction comes through. The former will lead to tranquility and peace among them and the latter to turmoil and unrest.

The ionization effects of charged particles produced in neutron interactions for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy are considered here using SRIM Monte Carlo Code. The estimated values of these effects in a Plexiglas acrylic phantom are shown to agree well with the available experimental values in high Boron concentration areas. As expected, the ionization effects from lithium and alpha particles are significant. However in the low Boron areas, proton ionization makes an important contribution and their effect on healthy tissue should not be ignored.

To assesse the iron and silicon effects on the yield and physiological characteristics of green pea, Wando cultivar by ASGrow Corporation was used in three levels of iron chelate (0.05, 0.1 and 0.3 gr per l-1) and silicon (0, 14 and 28 mg per l-1), as a factorial experimental in completely randomized design with three replications. In this experiment, characterisics such as fresh and dry weight of grain, the number of grain per pod, concentration of Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and Si in leaf and grain were measured. Results showed that the interaction of Fe and Si was significant at p<0.01 on grain fresh and dry wigeht, concentratin of leaf and grain Fe, leaf Mn, leaf and grain Zn and leaf Si and the application of Fe and Si was significant separately, on other traits such as number of grain per pod, concentration of leaf and grain Cu, Mn and Si in grain.  The Mean squares showed that the application of Fe and Si significantly increased fresh and dry grain weight and Si laef concetration and decreased the concentratin of leaf and grain Fe and Mn as well as grain Mn.  The enhancement of Fe and Si application separately decreased the concentration of Mn, Cu and zinc leaf and grains, but the Si concentration of leaf and grain were increased by Si application. The concentration of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn were decreased in leaf and grain because of antagonistic effects. It can be concluded that Si reduces the harmfull effects of high levels of iron toxicity and the application of 0.1 g/l and 25 mg/l can be recommended as the best treatments.

The anchored walls consist of nongravity cantilevered walls with one or more levels of ground anchors. Nongravity cantilevered walls employ either discrete (e.g., soldier beam) or continuous (e.g., sheet-pile) vertical elements that are either driven or drilled to depths below the finished excavation grade. For nongravity cantilevered walls, support is provided through the shear and bending stiffness of the vertical wall elements and passive resistance from the soil below the finished excavation level. Anchored wall support relies on these components as well as lateral resistance provided by the ground anchors to resist horizontal pressures (e.g., earth, water, seismic, etc) acting on the wall. A prestressed grouted ground anchor is a structural element installed in soil or rock that is utilized to transmit an applied tensile load into the ground. The basic components of a grouted ground anchor include the anchorage, free stressing (unbonded) length, and bond length. It is of note that the anchor bond length should be located behind the critical failure surface. The first use of ground anchors in the US was for temporary support of excavation systems. The use of permanent ground anchors for public sector projects in the US did not become prevalent until the late 1970s and today, represent a common technique for earth retention and slope stabilization. Anchors play a vital role in geotechnical structures such as excavations. The anchor section in soil is generally divided into five areas including reinforcement element, grout, grout and surrounding soil mixture, shear zone and soil media. Most of the common geotechnical software such as PLAXIS utilizes limited parameters in order to model the complex behavior of anchors; contrarily, modeling the soil-anchor interaction by means of FLAC yields conspicuous accuracy due to considering over ten various parameters. The main objective of the present research is to determine the soil-anchor interaction parameters for numerical modeling of anchored walls using FLAC2D software. Fundamentally, the main challenging issue in estimation of the anchor force is to determine the injection area diameter. According to the proposed method, the diameter of the injection area is determined based on the injection pressure, grout volume, porosity and shear zone thickness. It is demonstrated that the diameter of the injection area in soil medium is approximately 40% greater than the drilling diameter; nonetheless, that of the injection area in rock media is equal to the drilling diameter. The other parameters are determined by equalization of rock media formulas for soil media. In order to ensure the validity of the proposed methodology, the pull-out test was numerically simulated in FLAC2D, besides the numerical results have been then verified with anchor tension data in a field excavation project. The results indicate that the ultimate load of the anchor calculated from the numerical model is in fair agreement with equations postulated by many of former researchers. Correspondingly, there is a negligible difference between the displacement value obtained in the numerical simulation and the field pull-out test results. Henceforth, this method can be utilized in numerical modeling of anchored walls in soil media with high precision.